i = 0 while i < 5 puts i i = i + 1 end
opposite of while
i = 0 until i >= 5 puts i i = i + 1 end
fairly primitive
for i in 1..4 puts i end
just like Perl, but without parens
if i < 0 puts "negative" elsif i == 0 puts "0" else puts "positive" end